Women’s Mental Wellness: During and After Pregnancy
Priscilla, not her real name, found herself mentally and emotionally exhausted right after she had her son. It was a complicated pregnancy with many weeks of bed rest. Her older daughter was competing for her attention, which was now split between her two children. Her husband, while supportive, had to work, and she felt overwhelmed. “Every mum goes through this, and it is normal. I shouldn’t be complaining,” she thought. Her family doctor told her to see a psychiatrist or psychologist when she shared that she was crying every day.
Indeed, the journey to motherhood is one of the most profound and transformative experiences in a woman’s life. However, along with the joy of welcoming a new baby, it can come with a range of emotional and physical challenges.
Why Are Emotional Difficulties Common During and After Pregnancy?
Pregnancy and childbirth bring significant changes that can be both exhilarating and overwhelming. Along with the physical transformations, many women experience emotional fluctuations. For some, instead of feeling joyful and excited, they may find themselves struggling with anxiety, mood swings, or sadness. These emotions are often driven by hormonal changes, body shape and weight changes, sleep disruptions, and the pressure of adapting to the new responsibilities of motherhood.
Principal Psychologist Dr. Farah Idu Jion, who is a mother of two young children, shares, “Motherhood may be experienced as a tectonic shift in a woman, as she is altered at the surface and down to her very core. A complex web of emotions emerges during this time as she unravels and evolves into the universe she will become for her children.”
Ms. Joanne Goh, a Couples and Family Therapist with 23 years of experience working with mothers at KK Hospital, says, “Many mothers feel that they are ‘not good enough’ and feel a lot of guilt that they can’t juggle the demands of a baby and the rest of life’s responsibilities.”
How Does Maternal Mental Health Affect the Baby?
Studies show that when a mother experiences significant stress, it can lead to complications such as early labour. Depression during pregnancy can also impact a mother’s ability to care for herself, potentially leading to inadequate nutrition, low activity levels, and poor prenatal care (e.g., not attending appointments with the obstetrician), all of which can affect the baby’s development.
After delivery, conditions like depression and anxiety can interfere with bonding, which is crucial for the baby’s emotional and cognitive development. A mother’s mood can influence her infant’s brain development and affect their temperament, social interactions, and readiness for childcare and school.
How Common Is Depression During and After Pregnancy?
Research indicates that around 13% of women experience depression during pregnancy or the postpartum period, although some studies suggest the figure could be as high as 20%. Unfortunately, many women suffer in silence due to stigma or the misconception that they are just stressed. Some are worried about being judged for falling short as a mother.
What Are the Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety?
Symptoms of Depression:
- Persistent sadness or low mood
- Irritability or frequent emotional outbursts
- Difficulty sleeping or excessive sleeping
- Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
- Fatigue and lack of energy
- Poor appetite or overeating
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or hopelessness
Symptoms of Anxiety:
- Excessive worry, especially about the baby’s health
- Feeling constantly on edge or tense
- Physical symptoms like palpitations, shortness of breath, or chest tightness
- Avoiding certain situations due to overwhelming fears
What Are the Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety?
Various factors can increase the risk, including:
- Self-esteem issues
- History of anxiety or depression
- Lack of a supportive partner, family, or friends
- Past trauma or childhood adversity
- Younger age of pregnancy or unplanned pregnancies
Is Depression and Anxiety Treatable During Pregnancy?
They are highly treatable, especially when addressed early. Treatment is holistic and may include individual, couples, or family therapy, or medication if needed. While many women worry about the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy or breastfeeding, research shows there are safe options available that do not harm the growing fetus or interfere with breastfeeding.
Self-Care Tips for Managing Emotional Well-being During and After Pregnancy
Many may worry about seeing a mental health professional due to stigma. Here are some practical self-care strategies that may help:
1. Establish a Routine
A daily schedule can bring a sense of control, especially when life feels chaotic. Structure your day around feeding and nap times while allowing for flexibility as your baby’s needs change.
2. Practice Mindfulness and Meditation
Mindfulness exercises like guided meditation or deep breathing can reduce anxiety and clear your mind. Apps like Calm or Headspace are great tools to get started.
3. Prioritise Sleep and Rest
Fatigue is common during pregnancy, so it’s essential to get enough rest. Use a body pillow for support and nap during the day if you’re feeling tired. Adequate sleep can significantly improve your mood.
4. Gentle Exercise and Prenatal Yoga
Low-impact activities like walking or prenatal yoga can boost your energy and mood while alleviating discomfort. Always consult your obstetrician before starting a new exercise routine.
5. Nourish Your Body
Eating a balanced diet supports your baby’s development and stabilises your mood. Focus on foods rich in nutrients, such as leafy greens, lean proteins, and whole grains.
6. Pamper Yourself
Treat yourself to a pregnancy-safe massage or a relaxing bath to ease muscle tension. Small indulgences, like reading a favourite book, can lift your spirits.
7. Build a Support Network
Connecting with other expectant mothers can help alleviate feelings of isolation. Don’t hesitate to reach out to family or friends for emotional support.
8. Bond with Your Baby
Spend quiet moments massaging your belly, listening to calming music, or talking to your baby. This can foster a sense of connection and joy.
9. Seek Practical Help
Don’t hesitate to ask for help with household chores or childcare. Practical support can ease your mental load and allow you more time to rest.
When to Seek Professional Help
If you’re feeling emotionally overwhelmed and it’s affecting your daily life, reaching out for professional help is crucial. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes for both mother and baby.
Dr. Farah, Principal Psychologist, says that a psychologist or psychiatrist can help mothers process and embrace these layered changes and challenges. “You deserve to feel supported,” she says.
What Services Are Available at Private Space Medical?
At Private Space Medical, we provide holistic support for mothers during and after pregnancy. Our team includes psychiatrists, psychologists, and family therapists, offering:
- Emotional assessments and support during pregnancy and postpartum
- Parenting and attachment education
- Individual and couples counselling
- Medication management and therapy for depression and anxiety
Dr. Lee Xin Er, Senior Consultant Psychiatrist, who is a mother of two teenagers, says, “We understand the challenges and complexities of this journey. We want to help other mothers feel empowered and supported.”
Seek Help Today
Book an appointment with our psychiatrist, Dr. Lee Xin Er, our clinical psychologists, Dr. Farah Idu Jion and Ms. Clare Kwan, or our couples and family therapist, Ms. Joanne Goh.
Ms. Joanne Goh says, “As you struggle to overcome challenges that come with motherhood and depression, you may discover greater self-awareness and new insights into your motherhood journey.”